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5 Useful Facts About Aspirin 


5 Useful Facts About Aspirin

There are 5 Useful Facts About Aspirin, as an acetylated salicylate (acetylsalicylic acid). It is classified among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

1- What is Aspirin?
  • Aspirin, as an acetylated salicylate (acetylsalicylic acid). It is classified among the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It reduces the signs and symptoms of inflammation and exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities, including analgesic, antipyretic. In addition to antiplatelet properties.

5 Useful Facts About Aspirin

2- The mechanism of action of Aspirin as antiplatelet:
  • It induces a permanent functional defect in platelets. It has a prolonged bleeding time. This appears to be primarily, if not exclusively. It has irreversible inactivation of a key enzyme in platelet arachidonate metabolism through acetylation of a critical serine residue near its catalytic site.

5 Useful Facts About Aspirin

3- Aspirin Dosage:
  • The Aspirin’s effects and respective mechanisms of action vary with dose:
  • Low doses (typically 75 to 81 mg/day) are sufficient to irreversibly acetylate serine 530 of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1. This effect inhibits platelet generation of thromboxane A2, resulting in an antithrombotic effect.
  • Intermediate doses (650 mg to 4 g/day) inhibit COX-1 and COX-2, blocking prostaglandin (PG) production. Moreover, it has analgesic and antipyretic effects.
  • High doses (between 4 and 8 g/day) are effective as anti-inflammatory agents in rheumatic disorders. The mechanism(s) of action at these high doses may include both PG-dependent (particularly COX-2-dependent PGE2) and independent effects. However, the usefulness of aspirin at these high doses is limited by toxicity, including tinnitus, hearing loss, and gastric intolerance.
 4– Aspirin COX inhibition:
  • The COX inhibition of Aspirin is central to the mechanism of action of both aspirin and the salicylate nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In addition to, other proposed mechanisms of action COX inhibition does not explain all the anti-inflammatory effects of aspirin and related drugs, nor does COX inhibition address the diverse effects of PGs on cells.

As examples:

  • Although aspirin blocks PG synthesis via COX inhibition, stable PGs and their analogs are in fact antiinflammatory.
  • Sodium salicylate, a nonacetylated salicylate, is an ineffective COX inhibitor but is as potent as aspirin in its anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Higher doses of aspirin and other NSAIDs are required to exert anti-inflammatory effects than doses sufficient to markedly inhibit synthesis of PGs PG-independent actions of aspirin and other salicylates include:
  • Inhibition of neutrophil activation and responses, including the response to soluble stimuli such as leukotrienes and complement-derived peptides. The synthesis of leukotrienes, superoxide generation, enzyme release, and aggregation and adhesion.
  • Inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) through COX-independent mechanisms. Thus it causes inhibition of the generation of nitric oxide, which is important in inflammation, host-defense responses, and tissue repair. While aspirin does not completely inhibit iNOS expression at therapeutic concentrations, partial suppression may be sufficient to inhibit an inflammatory response.
  • Inhibition of the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B, a transcription factor that participates in the inducible expression of multiple cellular and viral gene products involved in inflammation and infection. In addition to, it includes the interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and adhesion molecule.
  • Inhibition of Erk kinase activation, which is important in CD11b/CD18 integrin-dependent adhesiveness of human neutrophils, a critical step in inflammation.
 5- Side Effects of Aspirin:
  • One of the most common side effects of Aspirin is Upset stomach and heartburn that may occur, and prompt the referral for healthcare professionals.
  • There are Useful Facts About Aspirin, are the most important uses and dosage of Aspirin.

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