4- Thursday Pharmacotherapy News – 18th March

1 – Mechanism of Thimerosal-Induced Structural Destabilization of a Recombinant Rotavirus P Protein Antigen Formulated as a Multi-Dose Vaccine

• In a companion paper, a two-step developability assessment is presented to rapidly evaluate low-cost formulations (multi-dose, aluminum-adjuvanted) for new subunit vaccine candidates.
• In this work, the mechanism(s) of thimerosal-P protein interactions, along with subsequent effects on the P protein’s structural integrity, are determined.
• A working mechanism involving a reversible S-Hg coordinate bond is presented based on the literature
• Future formulation challenges to develop low-cost, multi-dose formulations for new recombinant protein vaccine candidates are discussed.

Source: ScienceDirect

2 – Design and Optimization of a Novel Strategy for the Local Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infections

• Infections with Helicobacter pylori are a global challenge.
• Currently, H. pylori infections are treated systemically, but the eradication rates of the different therapy regimens are declining due to the growing number of bacterial strains resistant to major antibiotics.
• Here, they present a strategy for the local eradication of H. pylori by the use of Penicillin G sodium (PGS).

Source: ScienceDirect

3 – Recent updates in COVID-19 with emphasis on inhalation therapeutics: Nanostructured and targeting systems

• The current world health threat posed by the novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) calls for the urgent development of effective therapeutic options.
• The role of nanotechnology is very critical in combating this nano-enemy “virus.”
• In this review, they underline the genomic structure of COVID-19, recent modes of virus transmission with measures to control the infection, pathogenesis, clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2, and how much the virus affects the lung.

Source: ScienceDirect

4- VEGFR2-targeted antibody fused with IFNαmut regulates the tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer and exhibits potent anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activity

• Although interferon α (IFNα) and anti-angiogenesis antibodies have shown appropriate clinical benefit in the treatment of malignant cancer, they are deficient in clinical applications.
• An IFNα-mutant fused with anti-VEGFR2 was designed to produce anti-VEGFR2-IFNαmut, which was used to target VEGFR2 with enhanced anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy.
• This study provides a novel approach for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, and this design may become a new approach to cancer immunotherapy.

Source: ScienceDirect

5 – Novel approaches for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Using nanoparticles to overcome multidrug resistance

• Superbugs such as MRSA are highly prevalent infections with high mortality rates.
• Biofilms and antibiotic resistance impede effective treatment of MRSA.
• Conventional therapies are ineffective because of multiple resistance mechanisms in MRSA.
• Targeted nanoparticles that can overcome biofilms and drug resistance hold great promise for successful MRSA treatment.

Source: ScienceDirect

6 – Short-Course Antimicrobial Therapy for Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia – The SAFER Randomized Clinical Trial

• Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common occurrence in childhood; consequently, evidence-based recommendations for its treatment are required.
• This study aims to determine whether 5 days of high-dose amoxicillin for CAP was associated with noninferior rates of clinical cure compared with 10 days of high-dose amoxicillin.
• Short-course antibiotic therapy appeared to be comparable to standard care for the treatment of previously healthy children with CAP not requiring hospitalization.
• Clinical practice guidelines should consider recommending 5 days of amoxicillin for pediatric pneumonia management in accordance with antimicrobial stewardship principles.

Source: JAMA Network

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