4- Thursday Pharmacotherapy News – 26th August

1 – FDA Accepts Pembrolizumab Application as Single Agent for Subgroup of Patients With Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma

• Endometrial carcinoma begins in the endometrium and is the most common type of uterine cancer.
• An estimated 417,000 new cases were diagnosed with more than 97,000 deaths resulted from the disease in 2020.
• Officials with the FDA have accepted a new supplemental Biologics License Application for pembrolizumab (Keytruda, Merck) as a single agent for the treatment of patients with advanced endometrial carcinoma that is microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR), whose disease has progressed following prior systemic therapy and who are not candidates for curative surgery or radiation.

Source: Pharmacy Times

2 – Clinical review and role of clinical pharmacists in obesity management: An opinion of the Endocrine and Metabolism Practice and Research Network of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy

• The objective of this practice and research network opinion paper was to identify literature for pharmacist-led services with obesity management, summarize clinical evidence for this disease state, and describe the role of a clinical pharmacist among patients who are overweight or have obesity.
• Clinical pharmacists play a critical role in the safe and effective management of obesity in both the inpatient and outpatient settings.
• In an outpatient setting, the role of the clinical pharmacist includes a comprehensive patient interview to design an individualized therapeutic plan involving non-pharmacological interventions with or without pharmacological interventions or surgical options.
• A clinical pharmacist conducts a risk-benefit analysis for pharmacological interventions.
• Furthermore, the potential of medications to contribute to weight gain or prevent weight loss can be reviewed by a clinical pharmacist when managing comorbid conditions.

Source: ACCP

3 – The impact of the phytotherapeutic agent quercetin on expression of genes and activity of signaling pathways

• Quercetin is a flavonoid existing in different herbs, fruits, seeds, nuts and tea.
• It has beneficial effects on human health through mediating antioxidant activities, immune-modulatory impacts and regulating metabolic pathways.
• These effects are most probably induced through modulation of activity of signaling pathways and expression of genes.
• In the current manuscript, they explain the impact of quercetin on expression of genes and function of cellular signaling cascades in different contexts.

Source: ScienceDirect

4- Immunomodulatory roles of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in bacterial infections

• In recent years, an overwhelming amount of evidence has positively recommended a significant role of microbiota in human health and disease.
• Microbiota also plays a crucial role in the initiation, preparation, and function of the host immune response.
• Recently, it has been shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the primary metabolites of the intestinal microbiota produced by anaerobic fermentation, which contributes to the host-pathogen interaction.
• In the present study, they provide the latest findings on the role of SCFAs in response to bacterial infections.

Source: ScienceDirect

5 – COVID-19 and metabolic comorbidities: An update on emerging evidences for optimal therapies

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and other associated metabolic complications have been demonstrated as a crucial contributor to the enhanced morbidity and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
• Data on the interplay between metabolic comorbidities and the outcomes in patients with COVID-19 have been emerging and rapidly increasing.
• This implies a mechanistic link between metabolic diseases and COVID-19 resulting in the exacerbation of the condition.
• This review discusses the pathophysiological link among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), metabolic complications, and severe inflammation in COVID-19 development, especially in those with multi-organ injuries.

Source: ScienceDirect

6 – Lecithinized superoxide dismutase in the past and in the present: Any role in the actual pandemia of COVID-19?

• The Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) pandemic is devastating the public health: it is urgent to find a viable therapy to reduce the multiorgan damage of the disease.
• A validated therapeutic protocol is still missing.
• The most severe forms of the disease are related to an exaggerated inflammatory response.
• The pivotal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the amplification of inflammation makes the antioxidants a potential therapy, but clinical trials are needed.
• The lecitinized superoxide dismutase (PC-SOD) could represent a possibility because of bioaviability, safety, and its modulatory effect on the innate immune response in reducing the harmful consequences of oxidative stress.
• In this review they summarize the evidence on lecitinized superoxide dismutase in animal and human studies, to highlight the rationale for using the PC-SOD to treat COVID-19.

Source: ScienceDirect

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