4- Thursday Pharmacotherapy News – 29th July

1 – Effect of Metformin on Circulating Levels of Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

• Emerging evidence indicates that metformin has anti-inflammatory effect; however, the results differ concerning randomized controlled trails of the effect of metformin on inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.
• This study reassessed the data on the effect of metformin treatment on inflammatory markers in T2D patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
• The present study evidences that therapy with metformin can reduce CRP level significantly in T2D patients compared to other inflammatory markers.

Source: SAGE Journal

2 – Is Statin Use Associated With Risk of Thyroid Diseases? Results of a Retrospective Cohort Study

• Given the ubiquity of statin use and prevalence of thyroid diseases, such as thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism, and thyroiditis, understanding their association deserves further attention.
• This study aims to examine the association between statin use and thyroid cancer, thyrotoxicosis, goiter, and thyroiditis.
• This study did not demonstrate any association of statins with harmful effects on thyroid diseases, which offers assurance to clinicians and patients. Furthermore, statin use appears to be associated with a decreased risk of thyroid cancer, but more studies are needed.

Source: SAGE Journal

3 – Safety of Intravenous Olanzapine Administration at a Tertiary Academic Medical Center

• Although approved by the Food and Drug Administration for intramuscular administration only, analyses have described the administration of intravenous push (IVP) olanzapine, particularly for acute agitation.
• The safety and efficacy of IVP olanzapine has mostly been limited to emergency department patients.
• This study aims to evaluate the safety of IVP olanzapine administration in the inpatient setting.
• Hypotension, the most commonly noted ADE, occurred more frequently than in previous studies.
• IVP olanzapine appears to be a safe route of administration in hospitalized patients, including those receiving multiple doses.

Source: SAGE Journal

4- Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use during pregnancy and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes using real-world evidence

• Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are currently used for the prevention/treatment of malaria, and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
• Although present data do not show their efficacy to treat COVID-19, they have been used as potential treatments for COVID-19.
• Given that pregnant women are excluded from randomized controlled trials, and present evidence are inconsistent and inconclusive, this study aimed to investigate the safety of CQ or HCQ use in a large pregnancy cohort using real-world evidence.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

5 – The Advancing of Selenium Nanoparticles Against Infectious Diseases

• Infectious diseases, caused by the direct exposure of cellular or acellular pathogens, are found to be closely associated with multiple inflammation and immune responses, keeping one of the top threats to human health.
• In recent decades, with the development of novel nanotechnology, Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) emerged as a promising agent for biomedical uses due to their low toxicity, degradability and high bioavailability.
• In this review, they summarized the progress of preparation methods for Se NPs, followed by the advances of their biological functions and mechanisms for biomedical uses, especially in the field of anti-infection treatments.
• Moreover, they further provide some prospects of Se NPs in anti-infectious diseases, which would be helpful for facilitating their future research progress for anti-infection therapy.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

6 – A nano-pharmaceutical formula of quercetin protects from cardiovascular complications associated with metabolic syndrome

• They recently developed a nano-preparation of the flavonoid quercetin in a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) with a considerably higher bioavailability compared with the standard quercetin suspension.
• Here, they investigated whether the quercetin loaded SNEDDS could offer better protection compared with the standard formulation against cardiovascular complications of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rats.
• In conclusion, the quercetin loaded SNEDDS is evidently more advantageous than the standard preparation of the drug in alleviating functional and histopathological manifestations of cardiac damage incited by MetS.

Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology

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