4- Thursday Pharmacotherapy News – 5th August

1 – Therapeutic use of specific tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in inflammatory diseases including COVID-19

• Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused significant devastation globally.
• Despite the development of several vaccines, with uncertainty around global uptake and vaccine efficacy, the need for effective therapeutic agents remains.
• Increased levels of cytokines including tumour necrosis factor are significant in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and associated with poor outcomes including ventilator requirement and mortality.
• Here, they examine the biological activities of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors indicative of their potential in COVID-19 and briefly outline the randomised control trials assessing their benefit-risk profile in COVID-19 therapy.

Source: ScienceDirect

2 – Biosynthetic versatility of marine-derived fungi on the delivery of novel antibacterial agents against priority pathogens

• Despite the increasing number of novel marine natural products being reported from fungi in the last three decades, to date only the broad-spectrum cephalosporin C can be tracked back as marine fungal-derived drug.
• This study mainly aim to provide a snapshot on those metabolites that are likely to proceed to advanced preclinical development, not only based on their antibacterial potency, but also considering their targets and modes of action, and activity against priority pathogens.

Source: ScienceDirect

3 – Antiviral activities of flavonoids

• Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals known for their antiviral activity.
• The flavonoids acts at different stages of viral infection, such as viral entrance, replication and translation of proteins. Viruses cause various diseases such as SARS, Hepatitis, AIDS, Flu, Herpes, etc.
• Here, they reviewed many flavonoids that showed antiviral activities in different testing environments such as in vitro, in vivo and in silico.
• Some flavonoids had stronger inhibitory activities, showed no toxicity & the cell proliferation at the tested doses are not affected.
• Some of the flavonoids showed more potent antiviral activity than the market available drugs used to treat viral infections.

Source: ScienceDirect

4- Mechanistic insights and perspectives involved in neuroprotective action of quercetin

• Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are the primary cause of disabilities in the elderly people. Growing evidence indicates that oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and apoptosis are associated with aging and the basis of most neurodegenerative disorders.
• Quercetin is a flavonoid with significant pharmacological effects and promising therapeutic potential.
• This review assesses the food sources of quercetin, its pharmacokinetic profile, structure activity relationship and its pathophysiological role in various NDDs and it also provides a synopsis of the literature exploring the relationship between quercetin and various downstream signalling pathways.
• The aim of the present review was to elaborate on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the quercetin involved in the protection against NDDs.

Source: ScienceDirect

5 – COVID-19 and metabolic comorbidities: An update on emerging evidences for optimal therapies

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, and other associated metabolic complications have been demonstrated as a crucial contributor to the enhanced morbidity and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
• This review discusses the pathophysiological link among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), metabolic complications, and severe inflammation in COVID-19 development, especially in those with multi-organ injuries.
• They discuss the influence of several routinely used drugs in COVID-19 patients, including anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant drugs, antidiabetic drugs, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors.
• Especially, they provide a balanced overview on the clinical application of glucose-lowering drugs (insulin and metformin), angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers.

Source: ScienceDirect

6 – Treatment of patients with serious infections due to carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: How viable are the current options?

• This review critically appraises the published microbiologic and clinical data on the treatment of patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections.
• Despite being recognized as an urgent threat pathogen by the CDC and WHO, optimal treatment of patients with serious CRAB infections remains ill-defined.
• Historically, polymyxins have been the most active agents in vitro, though interpretations of susceptibility data are difficult given issues surrounding MIC testing methodologies and lack of correlation between MICs and clinical outcomes. Most available preclinical and clinical data involve use of polymyxins, tetracyclines, and sulbactam, alone and in combination.
• As the number of viable treatment options is limited, combination therapy with a polymyxin is often used for patients with CRAB infections, despite the significant risk of nephrotoxicity. However, no treatment regimen has been found to reduce mortality, which exceeds 40% across most studies, or substantially improve clinical response.

Source: ACCP

• Read more from FADIC Blog, with many articles with evidence based articles.
• Learn More Through FADIC® – Online Programs & Mini-Courses.
• Listen Now to FADIC Podcast focusing on varieties of pharmacist perspectives in specialties.
• Read More Now about FADIC Pharmacy Events to get more Experience.

Course Copyrights:

All Courses is meant for SINGLE user use only.
If more than one person acceced this course, they will be BLOCKED Forever.

Why FADIC 2021 Pharmacotherapy Daily News (FNN) ?

• It helps to keep up with the literature!
• Provide you with the Updated with the latest in your clinical practice. Wherever you are, and Whenever you need!
• Help you to share in the advance in clinical career. In addition to adding an impressive image to the pharmacists all-around!

Subscribe to FADIC 2021 Pharmacotherapy Daily News (FNN), for a publication of E-News

Read & Download FNN Issue 8 of April 2020 FNN News