Read & Download your Issue of Monday – February 08 FNN News

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18–59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial

• With the unprecedented morbidity and mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, a vaccine against COVID-19 is urgently needed.
• They investigated CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China), an inactivated vaccine candidate against COVID-19.
• The primary immunogenic outcome was seroconversion rates of neutralising antibodies to live SARS-CoV-2 at day 14 after the last dose in the days 0 and 14 cohort, and at day 28 after the last dose in the days 0 and 28 cohort in participants who completed their allocated two-dose vaccination schedule (per-protocol population).

Source: The Lancet

Respiratory and Psychophysical Sequelae Among Patients With COVID-19 Four Months After Hospital Discharge

• Although plenty of data exist regarding clinical manifestations, course, case fatality rate, and risk factors associated with mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), long-term respiratory and functional sequelae in survivors of COVID-19 are unknown.
• This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of lung function anomalies, exercise function impairment, and psychological sequelae among patients hospitalized for COVID-19, 4 months after discharge.

Source: JAMA Network

Outcomes of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Health Care Workers in North America

• Although health care workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of acquiring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is unclear whether they are at risk of poorer outcomes.
• This study aims to evaluate the association between HCW status and outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
• HCW status was not associated with poorer outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and, in fact, was associated with a shorter length of hospitalization and decreased likelihood of intensive care unit admission.

Source: JAMA Network

SARS-CoV-2 persistence is associated with antigen-specific CD8 T-cell responses

• Upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, most individuals develop neutralizing antibodies and T-cell immunity.
• However, some individuals reportedly remain SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive by pharyngeal swabs weeks after recovery.
• Whether viral RNA in these persistent carriers is contagious and stimulates SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses is unknown.
• Persistent pharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity in post-symptomatic individuals is associated with elevated cellular immune responses and thus, the viral RNA may represent replicating virus.

Source: ScienceDirect

Cefiderocol versus high-dose, extended-infusion meropenem for the treatment of Gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia (APEKS-NP): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial

• Nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens poses an increasing challenge.
• They compared the efficacy and safety of cefiderocol versus high-dose, extended-infusion meropenem for adults with nosocomial pneumonia.
• Cefiderocol was non-inferior to high-dose, extended-infusion meropenem in terms of all-cause mortality on day 14 in patients with Gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia, with similar tolerability.
• The results suggest that cefiderocol is a potential option for the treatment of patients with nosocomial pneumonia, including those caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Source: The Lancet

Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a Clostridioides difficile toxoid vaccine candidate: a phase 3 multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, controlled trial

• In the absence of a licensed vaccine, Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection represents a substantial health burden.
• The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of a toxoid vaccine candidate.
• In adults at risk for C difficile infection, a bivalent C difficile toxoid vaccine did not prevent C difficile infection.
• Since the C difficile vaccine candidate met the criteria for futility, the study was terminated and clinical development of this vaccine candidate was stopped.

Source: The Lancet

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