1- Monday Infectious Disease News – 5th April

1 – Emergence and outcome of the SARS-CoV-2 “Marseille-4” variant

• In Marseille, France, following a first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in March-May 2020, a second epidemic phase occurred from June, involving ten new variants.
• The Marseille-4 variant caused an epidemic that started in August and is still ongoing.
• Marseille-4 should be considered as a major SARS-CoV-2 variant.
• Its sudden appearance points toward an animal reservoir, possibly minks.
• The protective role of past-exposure and current vaccines against this variant should be evaluated.

Source: ScienceDirect

2 – The need for protecting and enhancing TB health policies and services for forcibly displaced and migrant populations during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic

• Disruption of health services due to the COVID-19 pandemic threatens to derail progress being made in tuberculosis control efforts.
• Forcibly displaced people and migrant populations face particular vulnerabilities as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which leaves them at further risk of developing TB.
• This study discuss the dual pandemics of TB and COVID-19 in the context of migration through a syndemic lens, to systematically address the upstream social, economic, structural and political factors that – in often deleterious dynamics – foster increased vulnerabilities and risk.

Source: ScienceDirect

3 – Circulating activated neutrophils in COVID-19: an independent predictor for mechanical ventilation and death

• Critical illness in COVID-19 is attributed to an exaggerated host immune response.
• Since neutrophils are the major component of innate immunity, they hypothesize that the quantum of activated neutrophils in the blood may predict adverse outcome.
• This finding supports an aberrant neutrophil response in COVID-19, likely due to uncontained viral replication, tissue hypoxia and exacerbated inflammation, introduces a novel biomarker for rapid monitoring, and opens new avenues for therapeutic strategies.

Source: ScienceDirect

4- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in a MERS-CoV Referral Hospital during the Peak of the Pandemic

• This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a MERS-CoV referral hospital during the peak months of the pandemic.
• A single-center case series of hospitalized individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC), an academic tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, KSA.
• Clinical and biochemical markers were documented.
• There is a significant increase in severe cases of COVID-19.
• Mortality was associated with older age, shorter symptom duration, high CRP, low lymphocyte count, and end-organ damage.

Source: ScienceDirect

5 – Peculiar clinical presentation of COVID- 19 and predictors of mortality in the elderly: a Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study

• The spectrum of clinical manifestations of CoronaVirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is not yet completely known.
• In elderly, mortality and extra-pulmonary involvement appear to be more frequent than expected.
• Elderly with a high CFS showed frequent extrapulmonary signsat admission, even in absence of lung involvement.
• These findings, along with a high CFS, predicted a significant risk of mortality.

Source: ScienceDirect

6 – The effect of tocilizumab, anakinra, and prednisolone on antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19: A prospective cohort study with multivariate analysis of factors affecting the antibody response

• Disease severity, previous medications, immunosuppresive agents could affect the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2.
• This study aimed to analyze variables affecting the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2.
• The use of tocilizumab, anakinra, and prednisolone for COVID-19 did not affect the antibody response against SARS-CoV-2.
• The main driver of antibody response among patients with COVID-19 was the extent of pulmonary involvement on CT.

Source: ScienceDirect

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