1- Monday Infectious Disease News – 31th May

1 – Covid: Pfizer and AstraZeneca jabs effective against Indian variant – study

• The Pfizer and AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccines are highly effective against the variant identified in India after two doses, a study has found.
• Two jabs of either vaccine give a similar level of protection against symptomatic disease from the Indian variant as they do for the Kent one.
• However, both vaccines were only 33% effective against the Indian variant three weeks after the first dose.
• This compared with 50% effectiveness against the Kent variant.

Source: BBC

2 – Sequelae, persistent symptomatology and outcomes after COVID-19 hospitalization: the ANCOHVID multicentre 6-month follow-up study

• Long-term effects of COVID-19, also called Long COVID, affect more than 10% of patients.
• The most severe cases (i.e. those requiring hospitalization) present a higher frequency of sequelae, but detailed information on these effects is still lacking.
• The objective of this study is to identify and quantify the frequency and outcomes associated with the presence of sequelae or persistent symptomatology (SPS) during the 6 months after discharge for COVID-19.

Source: BMC

3 – Medication Use Patterns in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in California During the Pandemic

• The novel SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused more than 118 million cases of COVID-19 and more than 2.6 million deaths worldwide.
• To evaluate the use of potential therapeutic options—including dexamethasone, remdesivir, enoxaparin, heparin, colchicine, hydrocortisone, tocilizumab, azithromycin, hydroxychloroquine, and medication classes of angiotensin-2 converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)2 they measured daily and overall use percentages over the course of 2020 for hospitalized patients.

Source: JAMA Network

4- Assessment of the Association of Vitamin D Level With SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Among Working-Age Adults

• Low vitamin D levels have been reported to be associated with increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• Independent, well-powered studies could further our understanding of this association.
• This study aims to examine whether low levels of vitamin D are associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, an indicator of previous infection.
• In this cohort study, SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was not associated with low levels of vitamin D independently of other risk factors.

Source: ScienceDirect

5 – Characteristics Associated With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Among Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

• A postacute COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) has been recognized as a rare, yet severe, complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• First characterized in children, MIS in adults (MIS-A) has now been reported.
• The goal of this cohort study was to describe the spectrum of MIS-A presentation after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
• they identified cases of MIS-A among all adults with laboratory-proven subacute or convalescent SARS-CoV-2 infection at a single tertiary care medical center and described their clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Source: JAMA Network

6 – Impact of in-hospital discontinuation with angiotensin receptor blockers or converting enzyme inhibitors on mortality of COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study

• In the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the hypothesis that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) increased the risk and/or severity of the disease was widely spread.
• Consequently, in many hospitals, these drugs were discontinued as a “precautionary measure”.
• This study aimed to assess whether the in-hospital discontinuation of ARBs or ACEIs, in real-life conditions, was associated with a reduced risk of death as compared to their continuation and also to compare head-to-head the continuation of ARBs with the continuation of ACEIs.

Source: BMC

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