5- Friday Nutrition News – 27th August

W-3 LCFAs and Toll like receptors

•  ω-3 FAs have been known to be anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory dietary factors.
• The potential anti-inflammatory role for ω-3 LCFAs can be explained by modification of lipid rafts, modulation of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and PRRs.
• Toll-like receptors are a group of PRRs that play an important role in the recognition of bacterial infections and ω-3 FAs have been implicated in the modulation of downstream signaling of TLR-4 which is an important receptor for recognition of gram-negative bacteria.

Source: Elsevier journal

Dietary patterns in adults

• Knowledge of factors determining dietary intake is important to develop targeted strategies to prevent malnutrition and age-related diseases.
• A systematic review aim to analyze the role of social status, cultural aspects, and psychological distress on dietary intake in community-dwelling older adults.
• The results indicate heterogeneity of studies in the field of social, cultural, and psychological determinants of dietary patterns in but Family structure, living situation, educational level, and income were most consistently associated with the dietary patterns.

Source: Elsevier journal

Selenium and IBDs

• Several studies have shown that patients with IBD have a lower selenium level compared to healthy subjects. Hence, experimental studies mimicking ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease investigated the effect of selenium supplementation on IBD.
• The study’s results  indicate that The anti-inflammatory property caused remission in animal models of colitis. Also, Selenium supports protective gut microbiota, which indirectly improves management of IBD.
• In addition, Selenium may block some of the predominant tumor genesis beneficial for IBD.

Source: Elsevier journal

Adipose tissue and gastric cancer

• A retrospective study aim to investigate the association between body composition before Neoadjuvant treatment NT or after NT and clinical outcomes in individuals with GC receiving multimodal treatments.
• The results indicate that Body composition measured by computed tomography could predict NT-related adverse events, postoperative complications, and long-term survival in multimodal treatments for GC. More meaningfully, adipose-tissue status has significant prognostic value for individuals with advanced GC.

Source: Elsevier journal

Anti-inflammatory diet and endometriosis

• Increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) in women with endometriosis is considered to be associated with chronic inflammatory conditions.
• A study conducted to investigate the correlation of a prepregnancy anti-inflammatory diet with obstetric outcomes in women with endometriosis.
• Individual meal patterns before pregnancy, derived through food frequency questionnaires, were used to calculate the Dietary Inflammatory Index. The results indicate that An anti-inflammatory diet during the preconception period reduced the risk of preterm birth.

Source: Elsevier journal

Cirrhosis and muscle wasting

• A study aim to compare the effects of muscle wasting according to measures obtained by different limb muscle mass indexes, to find the best mortality predictor among outpatients with cirrhosis.
• The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, anthropometric measures, and the presence of ascites and edema were also studied.
• The results suggest that using upper limb muscle mass index ULMMI is better than Appendicular muscle mass index AMMI for predicting mortality of outpatients with cirrhosis.

Source: Elsevier journal

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