5- Friday Nutrition News – 22th October

Dietary total antioxidant capacity

• Dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) has been introduced as a useful tool to quantify the antioxidant content of a diet. A study aimed to investigate the presence of an association between dTAC values, cardiovascular events, and cardiometabolic risk factors in participants with the previous CVD from a Brazil multicenter study.
• The results indicate that the dTAC was inversely associated with hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and amputation due to the artery disease in subjects undergoing secondary care for CVD.

Source: Elsevier journal

Anorexia nervosa and life threatening complications

• Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by a strong fear of weight gain and body image disorders and is classified as a mental illness .The disease can lead to chronic undernutrition and low body weight, adversely affecting each body system, exacerbating systemic medical complications, especially acute life-threatening complications.
• Recently a case report of an AN patient who had suffered from severe hypokalemia, significant Q-T interval prolongation, stomach dilatation, and intestinal obstruction who required conservative treatment to recover.

Source: Elsevier journal

Weight loss and appetite regulating hormones

• A study aim  to investigate the association between the magnitude of weight loss (WL) and serum concentrations of the main adipocytokines and appetite-regulating hormones in adolescents with obesity. Body composition (BC) and plasma levels of neuropeptides (NPY: neuropeptide Y; AgRP: Agouti-related peptide; and α-MSH: Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) and Leptin were measured at baseline and post intervention.
• The results conclude that HWL (above 10%) seems to reverse obesity-induced hyperliptinemia while stabilizing the neuropeptides that control appetite in adolescents with obesity.

Source: Elsevier journal

Oxidative stress and nutritional status in hemodiaysis patients

Seasonal variations in body composition and parameters that reflect nutritional status are well established in hemodiaysis (HD) patients. A study aim to assess seasonal variations in OS, body composition, and other nutritional parameters in HD patients.

The results indicate that Oxidative stress might be promoted by fat tissue and could have a negative influence on lean tissue mass. Also, Serum prealbumin level was the most significant predictor of the antioxidant defense in hemodiaysis patients.

Source: Elsevier journal

Muscle protein synthesis and aging

• Muscle protein synthesis is improved by fast proteins (e.g. lactoserum), which increase peripheral amino acid (AA) bioavailability more rapidly than slow proteins.
• A study aim to assess the effect of lactoserum and citruline on muscle protein synthesis on fasted aged rats. The results conclude that Combination of citrulline with lactoserum may favorably improve muscle protein anabolic response in aging. Also, Fast proteins and citrulline may be associated in oral nutritional supplement to prevent frailty.

Source: Elsevier journal

Serum LBP and liver cirrhosis

•  A study investigates the molecular mechanisms of BCAA treatment and liver damage focused on liposaccharide binding protein (LBP) related pathways. Serum LBP levels were measured in cirrhotic patients and in cirrhotic rats treated with BCAA to examine the correlation between liver function and survival.
• The results conclude that Serum LBP level is a prognostic biomarker in LC. BCAA treatment reduced translocation of enterococcus faecalis through intestinal tight junction recovery and reduced LBP expression in the liver.

Source: Elsevier journal

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