3- Wednesday Research News – 24th March

1 – Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

• Treatment of COVID-19 patients with plasma containing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcomes.
• This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
• Among patients hospitalised with COVID-19, high-titre convalescent plasma did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes.

Source: Medrxiv

2- Treatment of Severe Hypertriglyceridemia during Pregnancy with High Doses of Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Plasmapheresis

• Severe hypertriglyceridemia carries increased health risks, including the development of pancreatitis.
• The objective of this study was to report on management of 2 cases with severe gestational hypertriglyceridemia.
• Omega-3 fatty acids and plasmapheresis may be effective and safe to treat pregnant women with severe hypertriglyceridemia and pancreatitis.

Source: ScienceDirect

3- Anaplastic thyroid cancer successfully treated with radiation and immunotherapy: a case report

• Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare subtype of thyroid cancer with devastating prognosis.
• Novel treatment strategies are under investigation to improve the survival of ATCs. radiation therapy (RT), low dose or hypofractionated dose, may modulate tumor cells in several ways to make tumor cells more susceptible to immune cell reactivity.
• This study presents a case of recurrent ATC treated with combination of RT and pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, with a durable complete response of 26 months.

Source: ScienceDirect

4- Diabetes, SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines and glycemic control: Call for data

• The prognosis of people with diabetes affected by COVID-19 is particularly bad.
• There are several possible pathophysiological explanations, including the direct damaging effect of hyperglycemia, but, certainly, and hampered immune response, often present in this population, also plays a key role.
• This reality raises the claim for prioritizing the vaccination against COVID-19 in people with diabetes.
• Evidence suggests that the glycemic control has a strong impact on the efficiency of the immune response.
• Therefore, it seems reasonable wondering whether it is not appropriate to improve glycemic control before administering the vaccine to optimize the response to it.

Source: ScienceDirect

5- A case of Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) typhoid fever in the Ambulatory Emergency Care (AEC) unit

• This is a rare case of imported ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi).
• Extensively drug resistant (XDR) S. Typhi is an emerging threat to public health.
• Clinicians may need to review ceftriaxone as empirical therapy for enteric fever.
• XDR S. Typhi’s resistance to azithromycin and carbapenems threatens public health.
• Ertapenem’s in vivo efficacy as monotherapy for XDR S. Typhi needs investigation.

Source: ScienceDirect

6- Recurrent pneumococcal bacteraemia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

• Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are at increased risk of serious or invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae infection due to intrinsic disease factors and concomitant immunosuppressive therapies.
• pneumoniae infections can be prevented with currently-available immunisation.
• This case emphasises the importance of taking a complete vaccination history and ensuring full concordance with recommended vaccinations.
• There is a high burden of infectious disease in SLE; timely vaccination and risk assessment is recommended and consideration of prophylactic antibiotics.

Source: ScienceDirect

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