3- Wednesday Research News – 29th September 

 1 – An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality, Need for ICU admission, Use of Mechanical Ventilation, Adverse effects and other Clinical Outcomes of Ivermectin Treatment in COVID-19 Patients

• Repurposing Ivermectin, a known anti-parasitic agent, for treating COVID-19 has demonstrated positive results in several studies. We aim to evaluate the benefit and risk of Ivermectin in COVID-19.
• They conducted a systematic search for full-text manuscripts published from February 1, 2020, to August 15th, 2021 focusing on Ivermectin therapy against COVID-19.
• The primary outcomes were mortality, need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission; secondary outcomes were – adverse effects, need for mechanical ventilation, viral clearance, time to viral clearance, need for hospitalization, and length of hospital stay. Random-effects models were used for all analyses.
• This meta-analysis suggests that the mortality benefit of Ivermectin in COVID-19 is uncertain. But as adjuvant therapy, Ivermectin may improve viral clearance and reduce the need for hospitalization.

Source: MedRxiv

2- Attitudes towards Digital Health Technology: Introducing the Digital Health Scale

• The study sought to investigate the relationship between attitude towards digital health technology and age, gender and frequency of use of digital health technology and to consider whether age, gender and frequency of use present potential barriers to accessing future healthcare in the UK.
• Differences in technological affinity are likely to lead to differences in the adoption of digital health technology and subsequent inequalities in healthcare between older and younger people and between men and women.
• Findings identified age, but not gender, as a significant factor in attitude towards digital health technology, suggesting that continued and increased reliance on digital technology in healthcare may lead to age, but not gender, related inequalities in access to healthcare in the UK.

Source: MedRxiv

3- Infected surfaces as a source of transmissible material in healthcare settings dealing with COVID-19 patients

• The disease COVID-19 has turned out to be a tremendous slayer and has had some of the most devastating impacts on human beings ever seen in history.
• To overcome this major public health crisis, an understanding of the transmission of the virus underlying this disease is of paramount importance.
• Evidence suggests that the most common route of transmission for the SARS-CoV-2 virus is likely via direct contact in person-to-person encounter with aerosol droplets.
• However, the possibility of transmission via contact with fomites from surfaces is a possible route of infection as well.
• Environmental contamination in rooms with COVID-19 patient has been widely observed due to viral shedding from both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients.
• Based on the findings of this study, decontamination of surfaces that frequently are in touch contact throughout all segments of the healthcare system should constitute an important part of the infection control and prevention of COVID-19.

Source: MedRxiv

4- A Learning Health System Approach to the COVID-19 Pandemic: System-Wide Changes in Clinical Practice and 30-Day Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients

• Rapid, continuous implementation of credible scientific findings and regulatory approvals is often slow in large, diverse health systems.
• The COVID-19 pandemic created a new threat to this common “slow to learn and adapt” model in healthcare.
• They describe how UPMC committed to a rapid learning health system (LHS) model to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.
• In this large LHS, near real-time changes in clinical management of COVID-19 patients happened promptly as scientific publications and regulatory approvals occurred throughout the pandemic.
• Alongside these changes, patients with COVID-19 experienced lower adjusted 30-day mortality following hospital admission over time.

Source: MedRxiv

5- Women’s views and experiences of accessing vaccination in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-methods study in the United Kingdom

• COVID-19 changed access to healthcare, including vaccinations, in the United Kingdom (UK). This study explored UK women’s experiences of accessing pertussis vaccination during pregnancy and infant vaccinations during COVID-19.
• An online cross-sectional survey was completed, between 3rd August-11 th October 2020, by 1404 women aged 16+ years who were pregnant at some point after the first UK lockdown from March 23rd, 2020.
• During the ongoing and future pandemics, healthcare services should prioritise equitable access to routine vaccinations, including tailoring services for ethnic-minority families who experience greater barriers to vaccination.

Source: MedRxiv

6- Essential Indicators of Quality in Primary Care Settings: An Evidence-Based, Structured, Expert Approach

• Primary health care has a central role in the workings of the health care system and health of the American public.
• Thus, a high-performing, high-quality primary care system is essential.
• As a result, measurement frameworks are needed to assess the quality of the infrastructure, workforce configurations, and processes available in primary care practices due to the complexity of primary care.
• Within this paper, they describe the process by which the performance measures were selected and present the final set of measures resulting from the process.
• The design team identified three fundamental objectives for delivery of high-quality primary care.
• The design team also selected sixteen performance indicators from the 44 pre-vetted measures that already exist in three different data sources for primary care.

Source: MedRxiv

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