3- Wednesday Research News – 27th October

1 – The role of educational settings in the transmission chain of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020: a systematic review

• School closures have been used as a core Non pharmaceutical intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic, however the role of educational settings in COVID-19 transmission is still unclear.
• Transmission in educational settings in 2020 was minimal -when NPI measures were implemented in parallel.
• However, with an upsurge of cases related to variants of concern, continuous surveillance and assessment of the evidence is warranted to ensure the maximum protection of the health of students and the educational workforce, while also minimising the numerous negative impacts that school closures may have on children.

Source: MedRxiv

2- Changes in paediatric respiratory infections at a UK teaching hospital 2016-2021; impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

• COVID-19 symptoms can cause substantial disability, yet no therapy can currently reduce their frequency or duration.
• They conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled trial of hesperidin 1000 mg once-daily for 14 days in 216 symptomatic non-vaccinated COVID-19 subjects.
• Thirteen symptoms were recorded after 3, 7, 10 and 14 days.
• In conclusion, most non-vaccinated COVID-19 infected subjects remain symptomatic after 14 days with anosmia being the most frequently persisting symptom.
• Hesperidin 1g daily may help reduce group A symptoms.
• Earlier treatment of longer duration and/or higher dosage should be tested.

Source: MedRxiv

3- Organizational culture, quality of care and leadership style in government general hospitals in Kuwait: a multimethod study

• This study aims to investigate the organizational culture, assess the quality of care, and measure their association with a transformational/transactional leadership style in six hospitals.
• Leaders define and influence organizational culture.
• The prevailing transformational leadership style creates and maintains a transformational organizational culture.
• The effect of transformational leadership on the quality of care delivered by the organization was measured in this study, and showed a positive and nonsignificant relationship between generic quality indicators and the transformational style.

Source: MedRxiv

4- Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among immunocompromised patients fully vaccinated with BNT162b2

• This study aims to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections among immunocompromised (IC) individuals.
• COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections are rare but are more common and severe in IC individuals.
• The findings from this large study support FDA authorization and CDC recommendations to offer a 3rd vaccine dose to increase protection among IC individuals

Source: MedRxiv

5- Shedding of Infectious SARS-CoV-2 Despite Vaccination

• The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant is highly transmissible and contains mutations that confer partial immune escape.
• They compared RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) data from 699 test-positive anterior nasal swab specimens from fully vaccinated (n = 310) or unvaccinated (n=389) individuals.
• They observed low Ct values (<25) in 212 of 310 fully vaccinated (68%) and 246 of 389 (63%) unvaccinated individuals.
• Testing a subset of these low-Ct samples revealed infectious SARS-CoV-2 in 15 of 17 specimens (88%) from unvaccinated individuals and 37 of 39 (95%) from vaccinated people.
• To determine whether infectious virus titers differed in vaccinated and unvaccinated persons, we performed plaque assays on an additional set of 48 samples with Ct <25, finding no difference in infectious virus titer between groups.

Source: MedRxiv

6- The impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on Alpha & Delta variant transmission

• Pre-Delta, vaccination reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission from individuals infected despite vaccination, potentially via reducing viral loads.
• While vaccination still lowers the risk of infection, similar viral loads in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals infected with Delta question how much vaccination prevents transmission.
• Vaccination reduces transmission of Delta, but by less than the Alpha variant.
• The impact of vaccination decreased over time.
• Factors other than PCR Ct values at diagnosis are important in understanding vaccine-associated transmission reductions.
• Booster vaccinations may help control transmission together with preventing infections.

Source: MedRxiv

• Read more from FADIC Blog, with many articles with evidence based articles.
• Learn More Through FADIC® – Online Programs & Mini-Courses.
• Listen Now to FADIC Podcast focusing on varieties of pharmacist perspectives in specialties.
• Read More Now about FADIC Pharmacy Events to get more Experience.

Course Copyrights:

All Courses is meant for SINGLE user use only.
If more than one person acceced this course, they will be BLOCKED Forever.

Why FADIC 2021 Clinical Research E-News ?

• It helps to keep up with the literature!
• Provide you with the Updated with the latest in your clinical practice. Wherever you are, and Whenever you need!
• Help you to share in the advance in clinical career. In addition to adding an impressive image to the pharmacists all-around!

Subscribe to FADIC 2021 Clinical Research FNN E-News, for a publication of News

Read & Download FNN Issue 8 of April 2020 FNN News